Chemoprophylaxis in individuals having close contact with morbus hansen patients: a review article

Abstract

Introduction: Early detection of Morbus Hansen disease in individuals who have contact with Morbus Hansen patients and chemoprophylaxis is the main strategy in breaking the chain of the spread of Morbus Hansen's disease. Various studies have shown that administration of chemoprophylaxis or in combination with immunoprophylaxis in individuals who have contact with the Morbus Hansen patient is quite effective in reducing the detection rate of new Morbus Hansen cases in endemic areas. There are various drug options that can be used as chemoprophylaxis in individuals who have contact with the patient Morbus Hansen. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of the existing prophylactic regimen is not satisfactory, especially because it was found that various strains of M. leprae were resistant to various types of drugs.

Discussion: Several antibiotics have been shown to have both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium leprae. An effective chemoprophylactic strategy not only takes into account the choice of drug type, dosage, and frequency of administration, but also the ideal number and type of contact individuals for Morbus Hansen patients who need to be traced, examined, and given treatment. Based on observations, the acceptance of individual contacts to the program. The effectiveness of giving chemoprophylaxis to contact individuals as well as chemoprophylaxis in mass populations in endemic areas has been evaluated in various studies.

Conclusion: The Morbus Hansen control program has been quite successful in reducing the incidence of Morbus Hansen disease worldwide since the implementation of the MDT treatment program in Morbus Hansen patients. However, the detection rate of new Morbus Hansen cases, especially in endemic areas, remains high. Therefore, the Morbus Hansen disease eradication program also includes early detection of Morbus Hansen cases in individuals who come into contact with Morbus Hansen patients as well as prophylaxis to prevent the onset of Morbus Hansen disease.